Anaerobic Digestion: Biology and Benefits
نویسنده
چکیده
Anaerobic digestion is an engineered methanogenic decomposition of organic matter under oxygen-free conditions and involves a mixed consortium of different species of anaerobic microoganisms that transform organic matter into biogas. The process is successfully used for the treatment of municipal sludge, animal manure, industrial sludge, and industrial and municipal wastewaters. Applications of anaerobic digestion for waste treatment produce significant benefits beyond simple waste removal. These benefits include both energy production and energy conservation. In addition to waste removal, other environmental benefits result from anaerobic digestion including odor reduction, pathogen control, minimizing sludge production, conservation of nutrients, and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike fossil fuels, use of renewable resources represents a closed carbon cycle and therefore does not contribute to increases in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide. Replacement of fossil fuels also reduces atmospheric pollutants responsible for acid rain. Thus, anaerobic digestion is both a waste treatment
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